ASTM D95 is jointly sponsored by ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measurement, ensuring its relevance across both standardization and industry practice. The standard also carries several parallel designations:

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[ \textWater content (vol%) = \fracV_wV_s \times 100 ]

An electric mantle or gas burner provides controlled heating. Electric mantles are preferred in modern laboratories to minimize fire hazards associated with flammable solvents. Step-by-Step Test Procedure

Executing the ASTM D95 test requires precision to ensure all moisture is successfully driven out of the sample matrix.

Crude oil contracts strictly regulate allowable basic sediment and water (BS&W) percentages. Buyers do not want to pay crude oil prices for water. ASTM D95 provides the legal benchmark data required for billing accuracy. Refining Efficiency

Always ensure you are referencing the latest revised version designation (e.g., ASTM D95-22) to maintain compliance with modern laboratory auditing practices. If you need help implementing this standard, let me know: What are you trying to test?

The most widely used solvent for general petroleum products. Toluene: Used frequently for lubricants and fuels.

Thoroughly mix the laboratory sample to ensure a homogeneous distribution of water.

In high-temperature applications like asphalt processing, trapped water can rapidly flash into steam, causing dangerous foaming or explosions. 3. Apparatus and Equipment Requirements

Continue the distillation process until no more water is visible in any part of the apparatus except the bottom of the trap, and the volume reading becomes constant (typically 1 to 2 hours). Step 4: Final Measurement Allow the apparatus to cool to room temperature.

While ASTM D95 is a proven method, several alternatives exist, each with distinct advantages and limitations.